The article reviews the debate on AI disclosure in scientific research, suggesting mandatory disclosure only when AI use is intentional and substantial. It presents a framework and criteria for determining such cases, enhancing transparency in research practices.
The article, published in Accountability in Research, delves into the necessity of disclosing artificial intelligence (AI) use within scientific research and publication. Scholars have reached a consensus that AI tools are viable resources that warrant disclosure, yet there exists a mixture of disclosure policies among publishers and organizations, like the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. This paper evaluates these differing policies, articulates the ethical imperatives behind AI disclosure, and proposes a clear framework to guide its application.
The authors categorize AI disclosure as mandatory, optional, or unnecessary. Mandatory disclosure is recommended only when AI use is both intentional and substantial. Intentional AI use occurs when AI is directly employed to achieve specific research objectives, while substantial use indicates AI’s role in producing evidence or content that substantially influences the study’s conclusions or the overall research integrity.
To aid in the framework’s application, three criteria are proposed for identifying substantial AI engagement in research: AI making decisions that directly influence research outcomes, AI generating content or data, and AI analyzing specific content or imagery. Meeting any of these criteria necessitates mandatory disclosure, ensuring transparency and accountability in scientific endeavors.
In summary, the article advocates for careful consideration of AI’s role in scientific research disclosures. The proposed framework focuses on the intentionality and significance of AI use, urging mandatory disclosure when these factors are met. By establishing clear guidelines, the authors contribute to enhancing ethical practices in research and ensuring public trust in scientific findings.
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